Alternative Titles: Aryabhata I, Aryabhata the Elder Aryabhata, also called Aryabhata I or Aryabhata the Elder, (born 476, possibly Ashmaka or Kusumapura, India), astronomer and the earliest whose work and history are available to modern scholars. He is also known as Aryabhata I or Aryabhata the Elder to distinguish him from a 10th-century Indian mathematician of the same name. He flourished in Kusumapura—near Patalipurta (Patna), then the capital of the —where he composed at least two works, ( c.
499) and the now lost Aryabhatasiddhanta. Aryabhatasiddhanta circulated mainly in the northwest of and, through the (224–651) of, had a profound influence on the development of Islamic.
Aryabhata, Bhaskrakra I, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II etc. Were the followers of. Kapur, Aryabhata Life and Contributions, New Age. Aryabhatta Biography. Aryabhatta is one of the great Mathematician in ancient times. He was born in 476 AD at kusumapura or Pataliputra. He was the head of the Kusumapara Institution which organized by Nalanda University.
Its contents are preserved to some extent in the works of (flourished c. 550), (flourished c. 629), (598– c. 665), and others.
It is one of the earliest astronomical works to assign the start of each day to midnight. Aryabhatiya was particularly popular in South India, where numerous mathematicians over the ensuing millennium wrote commentaries. The work was written in verse couplets and deals with and astronomy. Following an introduction that contains astronomical tables and Aryabhata’s system of phonemic number notation in which numbers are represented by a consonant-vowel monosyllable, the work is divided into three sections: Ganita (“Mathematics”), Kala-kriya (“Time Calculations”), and Gola (“Sphere”). In Ganita Aryabhata names the first 10 decimal places and gives for obtaining and cubic roots, using the.
Then he treats geometric measurements—employing 62,832/20,000 (= 3.1416) for —and develops properties of similar right-angled triangles and of two intersecting circles. Using the, he obtained one of the two methods for constructing his table of sines. He also realized that second-order sine difference is proportional to sine. Mathematical series, interest (involving a quadratic equation), proportions , and the solution of various are among the and topics included. Aryabhata’s general solution for linear indeterminate equations, which Bhaskara I called kuttakara (“pulverizer”), consisted of breaking the problem down into new problems with successively smaller coefficients—essentially the and related to the method of.
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With Kala-kriya Aryabhata turned to astronomy—in particular, treating planetary motion along the. The topics include definitions of various units of, and epicyclic models of planetary motion ( see for earlier Greek models), planetary longitude corrections for different terrestrial locations, and a theory of “lords of the hours and days” (an concept used for determining propitious times for action). Aryabhatiya ends with spherical astronomy in Gola, where he applied plane to spherical by projecting points and lines on the surface of a sphere onto appropriate planes. Topics include prediction of solar and lunar and an explicit statement that the apparent westward motion of the is due to the spherical rotation about its axis. Aryabhata also correctly ascribed the luminosity of the and to reflected sunlight. The Indian government named its first satellite (launched 1975) in his honour.